Recommendations for intervertebral disc notochordal cell investigation: From isolation to characterization

Background Lineage-tracing experiments have established that the central region of mature intervertebral disc, nucleus pulposus (NP), develops from embryonic structure called “the notochord”. However, changes in cells derived notochord which form NP (i.e., notochordal [NCs]), terms their phenotype and functional identity early developmental stages to skeletal maturation are less understood. These key issues require further investigation better comprehend role NCs homeostasis degeneration as well potential for regeneration. Progress utilizing is currently hampered due poor consistency lack consensus methodology vitro NC extraction, manipulation, characterization. Methods Here, an international group has come together provide recommendations methodologies isolation within species, numeration, manipulation culture, Results Recommeded protocols provided culture NCs. Experimental testing recommended numeration The cryopreservation demonstrated, a pannel immunohistochemical markers inform Conclusions Together we hope this article provides road map studies support advances research into physiology regenerative therapies.